BeingnSoft tissue
Venous Haemangioma
Synonyms: Venous malformation
Soft compressible mass that increases with vavlsalva
Quick Facts
Behaviour
Beingn
Category
Soft tissue
Synonyms
Venous malformation
Category
Soft tissue
Behaviour
Beingn
Gender
M=F
Tissue of Origin
Vascular
Epidemiology
- Benign venous vascular lesion
- Occurs in all ages
Clinical Features
- Soft compressible mass that increases with gravity or valsalva
- Bluish discolouration of overlying skin
- Phleboliths may be palpable
- Pain with thrombosis
Location
- Extremities
- Head and neck
- Any soft tissue site
Imaging
- Phleboliths on plain radiograph or CT
- MRI: T2 very high signal multilocular mass
- Low-flow on Doppler
Pathology
- Large thin-walled venous channels
- Smooth muscle wall
- Phleboliths (thrombosed and calcified)
Genetics
- TIE2 (TEK) mutations in multifocal venous malformations
- PIK3CA mutations in some
Treatment
- Sclerotherapy (most effective for deep lesions)
- Surgical excision for small accessible lesions
- Compression garments for chronic management
Prognosis
- No malignant potential
- Can be a chronic condition requiring ongoing management
Key Points
- Soft compressible mass that increases with vavlsalva
- Phleboliths on imaging are characteristic
- T2 very bright on MRI - low-flow lesion
- Sclerotherapy is primary treatment for large lesions
Workup - Blood Tests
Coagulation screen - risk of localised intravascular coagulopathy
Workup - Local Imaging
- Plain radiograph
- MRI
- Doppler USS for flow characteristics
Workup - Biopsy
Biopsy generally not recommended due to haemorrhage risk
Workup - Staging
Not required
Workup - Other
Consider vascular malformation MDM
Medical disclaimer
The content on Sarcopedia is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical diagnosis or treatment. Always consult with a qualified physician regarding any health concerns or before starting any new treatment. Reliance on any information provided on this site is solely at your own risk.